[中文] 如何投资您的第一个十万或一百万新币?
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[中文] 如何投资您的第一个十万或一百万新币?

Updated
1
Oct 2024
published
7
Feb 2023
如何投资您的第一个10w或100w新币?

投资是深度个人化的 — 应始于明确它的目的、您对所爱之人的承诺,并据此行动。

这篇文章的原始版本(英文)首次发表于 The Business Times.

"对于大多数人来说,财富积累过程最困难的部分是前十万美元。如果你以零为起点,那么对于大多数人来说,筹集十万美元是一项长期的斗争。"
— 查理·芒格

我最近刚和家人结束了一次滑雪度假。这是三年来我和分散在世界各地生活的家庭成员第一次聚在一起。有趣的是,这次我们讨论钱的细节比以往任何时候都多。

在过去,谈论钱可能会显得有些失礼。但这一次不一样,从母亲到年轻的兄弟们,每个人都分享了过去几年中的起伏。随着通货膨胀的强势显现,大家普遍感到一种挥之不去的恐惧,也因此产生了理智储蓄和正确投资的需求。

首先,明白你为什么要投资

每个人的理财目标需要根据自身的生活需要进行个性化定制。这个简单的道理我花了十多年才领悟。书籍、播客、新闻、投资大师和传统银行不断告诉我们现在该买什么。但是对任何一个有资深投资经验的人来说,我们都知道很难持续猜中下一个热门投资。

现实是,我们每个人的资金都有限,所以我们必须对投资的方向进行严谨和选择性的考量。

通常被忽略的一步是,定义我们为什么应该持有某些资产类别和投资策略,这不仅取决于投资环境,还取决于我们的生活需求和目标。全球最大的主权财富基金和机构都使用框架来实现他们的目标,同时也涵盖了他们的负债——你我也应如此。

1. 雨天储备金:保持现金灵活性

如果我要投资我的第一个10万新元,我会首先建立应急资金——这些资金可能会在家庭医疗紧急情况、失去收入和其他不可预见的情况下需要。四到六个月的必要开支是一个很好的标准。如果我的必要开支是每月4000新元,那么我会将大约2万新元配置到一个分散的现金和货币市场基金组合中,投资于机构定期存款、国库券和短期债券。

在当今的国际市场环境中,如此计划可以享受大约4%的预期收益,且灵活存取,没有赎金、锁定期。相比之下,2022年初类似风险的投资预期收益接近1%。

2. 短期目标:为未来五年做规划, 并思考大约想要有多少被动收入 (“睡后收入”)

接下来,你可以考虑未来五年的短期目标和你希望在这段时间内产生的被动收入。这可能是为了支付新房首付或购买新车,也可能是为了支付子女的教育费用或赡养父母的资金。

根据你的目标和风险承受能力,我会考虑将这些资金投入到一个全球分散的股票和债券组合中。偏股型60/40的组合(60%股票和40%债券)依然是一个活跃且有吸引力的选择。如果你希望产生持续的被动收入,可以考虑一个全球分散的高股息股票和高息债券组合。在当前环境下,这可以带来超过7%的派息收益。

3. 长期投资:为退休计划做好准备, 如果您有足够的行为风险承受能力来应对短期市场波动,可以更激进有效地增长您的资金。

现金资产、新加坡公积金(CPF)和补充退休储蓄计划(SRS)都可以用于这一目标,从而让您通过强有力的复利效应在长期获益。

Investing your first $100k: an example - $20k rainy day cash in cash and money market funds, $25k for passive income, $25k in 5Y money in 60% stocks and 40% bonds, $20k for the longer term in global stocks, and $10k for China satellite holdings.
Source: Endowus

考虑长期目标和退休计划,如果你有足够的行为风险承受能力,可以更积极地增长你的资金。现金储蓄、公积金(CPF)和补充退休储蓄计划(SRS)都可以用于这个目标,从而让你通过时间的复利获得收益。

我读了许多记者、基金经理和经济学家的预测,尽管现在的情况比一年前更为乐观,但观点仍然各有不同。

我们可以依赖的一个法则是,市场有定价风险和推动资产价格的能力。如果你能承受市场波动,可以投资于100%全球分散的股票。随着时间的推移,这样的投资目标会因为股票相对于债券或现金的长期持续超额收益而获得回报。这种关系持续存在,因为资本市场的设计是——债券持有人优先获得回报,而股票持有人则应该获得更高的回报。

客户经常问:那中国、科技或大趋势呢?我的回答是,在核心资产配置已经满足生活所需时,再通过投资的方式来投资表达这些观点。即使表达这些观点,也应确保投资分散,避免被某一家公司或某一狭窄的行业拖累。

更多阅读:

投资100万新币会有什么不同吗?

投资第一个100万新元时,你可以使用相同的框架,但可以选择更广泛的策略来代表你的目标。你可以通过增加低流动性的资产配置,实现独特的风险收益目标,例如多策略 (multi-strategy)、全球宏观、量化对冲基金,以及私募股权、私募房地产和其他资产类别。

Investing your first $1 million - an example, with core and satellite holdings. Your overall holdings, built as a sum of your goals, might comprise 5% in cash and money market funds, 24% in fixed income (bond) funds, 49% in equities (stocks) funds, and 23% alternative investments (private markets, hedge funds)
Source: Endowus

然而,更多的选择并不意味着更好的选择——要明智地选择这些策略,并确保它们适合你的投资目标。对于你做的每一个投资决定,要确保它们获得了公平透明的建议并且足够分散。鸡蛋不能放在一个篮子,以便你能为所承担的风险获得应有的回报。

通过个性化的财务目标,我希望你能够拥有更多高质量的时间,和所爱之人一起追逐那些美好的时光,享受高品质人生。

此刻开始使用Endowus,请点击此处。如有任何疑问,请联系我们进行咨询,或发送电子邮件至privatewealth@endowus.com

免责声明: 投资涉及风险,过去的表现不一定代表未来的回报。

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如何投资您的第一个10w或100w新币?

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