Money Diaries — Financial planning for small business owners

It started with an idea, perhaps over some drinks on a late sweltering night. You decided that you could be an entrepreneur. Perhaps a restaurant with a different kind of vibe, or an online retail store. 

That early euphoria of starting something brand new turns into an infectious force to get your things in order. The branding, the products to sell, the service help you’d need — you get these things teed up for your big opening. It has been fun, but the reality sets in soon enough too: managing a business is fulfilling, but it is also stressful. There are many factors at play, and nitty gritty issues to deal with on a daily basis. From staff matters to expenses, dealing with the operations of the business takes up a lot of time, energy and effort. 

At the end of the day, one of the last things you want to be thinking about is your own finances — it’ll just add to the stress. 

Yet managing your own money is key to a stable life, and a successful business. Not having control of your own finances means you’re not providing for yourself, your family, and protecting yourself in the event that something untoward happens to you or your business. 

Many business owners make sacrifices to make sure their businesses are a success, but running your business well and making a tidy income or windfall from it is just the start of your wealth journey — how you manage your hard-earned dollars thereafter is the key to a comfortable life and stable retirement in the future. 

The road to investing can be daunting, but is underpinned by some fundamental strategies:

1. Saving is the foundation, but cannot shield you fully from the pains of inflation.
2. Consistent investing beats market timing 9 out of 10 times 
3. Fees can hurt your returns significantly, so be mindful of your investment costs.
   

The difference between saving and investing

Saving is the process of setting aside a portion of your income, and is the foundation to building your wealth. Setting aside a portion of your income (wherever that comes from) each and every month allows you to build the foundation to invest your money and grow that over a longer period of time. But by itself, saving is not sufficient to manage inflationary pressures — where a dollar tomorrow is not worth the same as a dollar today. This is where investing comes in. 

What is investing? Investing is the process of putting your money to work for you today in a financial product with the expectation that it will provide a rate of return that makes the delayed gratification worthwhile. Although there are no guarantees, sophisticated investors make decisions based on academic research, long-term historical performance and analysis. Arming yourself with the right information before starting on your investment journey, or working with a digital wealth advisor like Endowus can help you navigate the realm of investing with confidence based on your risk tolerance and life goals. 

Do you really need to invest your money? Are inflationary pressures really that impactful? Let us take a look at the example below. 

Inflation is the measure of how overall prices of goods and services increase over time. Singapore as an open economy is vulnerable to hot money from beyond our shores that can raise asset prices, and has to accept the rising prices of imported goods — over time, things simply get more expensive. Inflation over the past 20 years across all sectors of the economy is up 36%, and up even more when you look at things like food, and education. 

If you leave your money in your savings or current account, the base interest rate there is currently about 0.05% a year. In 30 years, $100,000 in that account will become $101,510 for a total return of 1.51%. Considering how much more prices have risen in that same period, it’s clear that a 0.05% rate of return is insufficient when it comes to preserving your purchasing power.

Now, if you leave your money in a fixed deposit account for 30 years at 1% a year, that will increase your savings to $134,785, for a return of 34.78%.

While that might seem attractive, compare that to what happens when you invest it in a balanced investment portfolio of equities and fixed income products, providing a relatively conservative estimated return of 6% p.a. That same $100,000 will grow to $574,349, for a return of 474.39%. 

Which amount would you rather have when you retire? And, how soon would you like to hit that goal of yours, whether it is retirement, paying for your kid’s education, or having a tidy sum for a rainy day?

Life gets more expensive

Leaving your money in your bank account simply can’t keep up with inflation. If over 30 years, your account only grows by 2%, or even 35% in total, that’s not enough to keep up with the increase in prices of 30% to 85% over a 20-year period. While some might think it’s the safest thing to do, the risk you are taking is that you might not be able to live the life you want in the future because you cannot afford to with your weaker purchasing power, despite setting aside a large dollar value amount of money. 

Investing your money allows you to grow it so that you can live better today, tomorrow, and into the future.

How do you start investing?

We are extremely fortunate to live in a time where technology has provided multiple platforms, such as Endowus, that allows you to invest your money in different products, all with the touch of a button. However, before even clicking that first “INVEST NOW” button, the first step is setting your goals for why you’re investing your money.

Setting realistic goals

The first step to investing well is to understand what your goals are for investing your money. 

Here are three questions you can ask yourself to start. 

1. What do you need the money for?
2. When do you need the money?
3. How much do you need when you reach that date?

Setting your goals helps you understand not only how much you need to save and invest, not only what’s within your reach, but also guides you during volatile moments where emotions can run high.

While setting a target amount to save and invest is good, whether it’s $1,000, $5,000, or $10,000 a month, those are all good numbers, but without the context of what you need the money for in the future, and when, could prove detrimental in the future if you haven’t invested to hit the targets you’ve set for yourself, or if you end up taking on more risk than you need to for your goals

After you do that, you’re ready to invest your first dollar! 

Time and consistency beats market timing 9 out of 10 times 

‍

Time in the markets, not timing the market, is a time-tested (pun fully intended) way of investing your money. Even if you were the “worst investor in the world,” only investing during the peak of the market in every decade from 1970 to our present day, you would still come out ahead with an annualised return of almost 9%. 

So, time in the markets — and not timing the market — is what will allow you to grow your wealth in the long run. With that mentality in mind, what can you control so that you keep to this method of investing?

What you can control

Cost matters

Choosing the right products matters, and one of the key considerations should be the products’ fees. There are many distributors who choose to tack on a sales charge of 1-3%, which effectively translates to being in the red $1,000 to $3,000 immediately for every $100,000 invested. Needless to say, sales charges can have a pretty significant impact.

In addition to the sales charge, you should also be mindful of the annual management fee that goes to the fund manager. Hidden within this annual management fee is something called a trailer fee, a commission that flows back to the company that sold you the product. These fees potentially incentivises bad behaviour on the part of the company selling the product, because they might push a product that gives them more commission, and not one that’s best for your needs. 

These fees eat into your returns. 1% in fees adds up to 240% in lost returns over 30 years. 

Your emotions

As a business owner, your focus on a day-to-day basis is to ensure that your business runs well and is profitable. As an investor, what you can control is your career and how it’s going. That’s where you’ll make the bulk of your money to save and invest.

You can also control how you invest your money, and what we mean by that is investing your money in a globally diversified portfolio. When we talk about diversification, it’s not just buying various company shares, or across different brokers, but rather, diversifying across markets and sectors. 

What is most important for you to control is this — your emotions, and your behaviour. While most people might count themselves as rational human beings, monetary gain and loss can bring out the worst emotions and reactions in people. When the market is tanking, people panic, and when the market is climbing, there is euphoria, and people want to buy and sell. 

But, as we shared earlier, no one can time the market, and time in the market, plus dollar cost averaging in — investing your money at a steady rate over a long period of time, has proven to be the best way to grow your money and your wealth, so that you can live better today, tomorrow, and into the future. 

At Endowus, we believe in investing your money in a globally diversified portfolio that allows you to grow your wealth over the long term across all sources of your wealth, including your cash, CPF funds, and Supplementary Retirement Scheme (SRS). When used correctly, this trifecta is a potential pot of gold for you when you’re ready to retire. Want a steady stream of income? We’ve got that covered too. 

To get started, find out more here.

Next on the Endowus Fin.Lit Academy

Read the next articles in the curriculum:

• Retirement: Plan for retirement in Singapore with this simple checklist
• CPF & SRS: Can your CPF savings keep up with high inflation?
• Basics of investing: A simple glossary of investing terms
• Wealth building: Take the stress out of investing with passive investing

<divider><divider>

Investment involves risk. The value of investments and the income from them can go down as well as up, and you may not get the full amount you invested. Past performance is not an indicator nor a guarantee of future performance. Rates of exchange may cause the value of investments to go up or down. Individual stock performance does not represent the return of a fund.

Any forward-looking statements, prediction, projection or forecast on the economy, stock market, bond market or economic trends of the markets contained in this material are subject to market influences and contingent upon matters outside the control of Endow.us Pte. Ltd (“Endowus”) and therefore may not be realised in the future. Further, any opinion or estimate is made on a general basis and subject to change without notice. In presenting the information above, none of Endowus Pte. Ltd., its affiliates, directors, employees, representatives or agents have given any consideration to, nor have made any investigation of the objective, financial situation or particular need of any user, reader, any specific person or group of persons. Therefore, no representation is made as to the completeness and adequacy of the information to make an informed decision. You should carefully consider (i) whether any investment views and products/ services are appropriate in view of your investment experience, objectives, financial resources and relevant circumstances. You may also wish to seek financial advice through a financial advisor or the Endowus platform and independent legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice, as appropriate.